1. SPECIAL FEATURES OF RENAL CIRCULATION a. Renal Blood Flow (RBF): The normal blood flow to kidney is about 1200 ml. This forms about 25% of cardiac output. Kidney receives the maximum blood flow next to liver. b. Portal circulation: An arteriole is interposed between two capillaries. Glomerulus (capillary tuft) – Efferent arteriole – Peritubular capillary c. High pressure system: The pressure in the glomerular capillaries is 45 mmHg. This is much higher compared to the pressure in the systemic capillaries which is 30 mmHg. This high pressure is the main driving force for glomerular filtration d. Vasa recta: Longest capillaries in the form of hairpins. It runs parallel to LOH of juxtamedullary nephron. It acts as countercurrent exchanger and maintains the osmotic gradient from the cortex towards the inner medu...
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